Thursday 25 October 2012

One in four British babies are now children of immigrants

Almost a quarter of babies born in the UK are children of immigrants, data shows.

There were 808,000 births in the UK last year, of which 196,000 were children born to non-UK born women - or 24 per cent.

Data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) shows there has been a steady increase in the number of children born to mothers who were born abroad since 2001, when the figure stood at 15.3 per cent
.
Polish women who live in the UK gave birth to around 23,000 children last year.
Women from Pakistan had 19,200 babies in the same period and Indian women gave birth to 15,500 children.
Four in 10 children born to immigrant mothers were born in London. Half were born in other parts of England, and one in 10 were born in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland combined.

The ONS said fertility rates for non-UK born women are higher than those born in the UK. The total fertility rate for women born in the UK is 1.89 children each, while for those born outside the UK the figure is 2.28.
The figures show that in 2007, 14 per cent of women living in the UK aged 15 to 44 had been born outside the UK. This rose to 18 per cent last year.

Recent analysis suggested hundreds of thousands more female immigrants arrived in Britain over the previous decade than has previously been thought and are thought to be behind a mini baby boom.
It showed that a previous attempt to forecast immigration figures underestimated the number of females coming to live in the country by 361,000 and overestimated the number of males by 94,000, when compared with census data.

Female migration has been concentrated in the 20 to 44-year-old age bracket, the prime years for child bearing, and may have contributed to a mini baby boom, according the analysis by the Financial Times.
The official data from 2001-2010, released in July, showed net migration to England and Wales increased the population by more than 2.1 million.

Figures also show that more than a quarter of all births are to non-UK born women, boosting the number of children aged 0-8 years by nearly 300,000 since the last census in 2001.

Pakistani women have been overtaken by those from Poland as the single largest group of foreign-born mothers in 2010 and 2011, making up more than one in 10 births within this group.

The analysis comes with immigration continuing to be a part of the political agenda, after David Cameron announced a review into the freedom of EU citizens to live and work in the UK - despite any limitation on this being barred under EU agreements - amid job fears for young Britons.

Economists and population analysts point out the positive impact, because UK fertility rates are too low to maintain the population at the same level, which is likely to see the burden of paying for the nation's elderly falling on fewer shoulders.

Data released by the ONS in August showed women born in the UK were having an average of 1.9 children each, below the rate of 2.1 that is thought necessary to keep a population level. But when non-UK born women are included, the rate goes up to around 2.0.

Gordon Sharp, head of the Continuous Mortality Investigations unit, an actuarial body, said it meant that the cost of supporting the nation's elderly in 30 years would be spread among more workers.

He said: "It means the dependency ratio is not as severe as it might otherwise be."
But he noted that the rise in births would result in some higher costs in the short term including healthcare and education.

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